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Karl Fischer Water Content

Turn volumetric Karl Fischer titration data into water content as % w/w or ppm. Switch to titer mode to standardise your titrant against a water standard.

How to use this tool

Convert a Karl Fischer titration reading into the water content of your sample. Or flip to titer mode to standardise a fresh batch of reagent against a known amount of water first.

What to enter

  • Mode: "Water content of a sample" to get % w/w / ppm; "Titrant factor" to standardise the reagent.
  • Titrant factor F: mg of water consumed per mL of titrant, from the reagent label or a standardisation run.
  • Titrant volume V: mL of titrant used to reach the endpoint.
  • Blank volume: optional; mL from a sample-free run, subtracted to correct for residual cell moisture.
  • Sample mass: grams of sample titrated.

Reading the result

The headline is water content as % w/w, with the same figure in ppm and the intermediate steps (net titrant, mass of water). In titer mode the headline is F itself, carry that value into water-content mode for samples run with the same reagent batch.

Worked example

F 5 mg/mL, titrant 3.5 mL, blank 0.05 mL, sample 0.500 g17.25 mg water → 3.45% w/w (≈ 34,500 ppm).

Inputs

Result

Methodology

The titrant factor F (mg H₂O per mL) relates titrant volume to mass of water: mass H₂O = (V − Vblank) × F. Water content is then % w/w = mass H₂O ÷ (sample mass) × 100, or ppm = mg H₂O ÷ kg sample (= mg/g × 1000). To standardise the titrant, titrate a known mass of water (or a certified water standard) and compute F = mg H₂O ÷ V.

Known limits

  • Always run and subtract a blank; residual cell moisture biases low-water samples high.
  • This handles volumetric KF. Coulometric KF reads micrograms of water directly and does not use a volumetric titer.